如何攻击，在此不作说明（也不要问我），主要谈谈如何防范。首先，跨站脚本攻击都是由于对用户的输入没有进行严格的过滤造成的，所以我们必须在所有数据进入我们的网站和数据库之前把可能的危险拦截。针对非法的HTML代码包括单双引号等，可以使用htmlentities() 。
| ＜?php $str = "A ''quote'' is ＜b＞bold＜/b＞"; // Outputs: A ''quote'' is <b>bold</b> echo htmlentities($str); // Outputs: A 'quote' is <b>bold</b> Chinaz echo htmlentities($str, ENT_QUOTES); ?＞ |
这样可以使非法的脚本失效。
但是要注意一点，htmlentities()默认编码为 ISO-8859-1，如果你的非法脚本编码为其它，那么可能无法过滤掉，同时浏览器却可以识别和执行。这个问题我先找几个站点测试后再说。
这里提供一个过滤非法脚本的函数：
| function RemoveXSS($val) { // remove all non-printable characters. CR(0a) and LF(0b) and TAB(9) are allowed // this prevents some character re-spacing such as ＜java\0script＞ // note that you have to handle splits with \n, \r, and \t later since they *are* allowed in some inputs $val = preg_replace(''/([\x00-\x08][\x0b-\x0c][\x0e-\x20])/'', '''', $val); // straight replacements, the user should never need these since they''re normal characters Chinaz~com // this prevents like ＜IMG SRC=@avascript:a& _#X6Cert('XSS')＞ $search = ''abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz''; $search .= ''ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ''; $search .= ''1234567890!@#$%^&*()''; $search .= ''~`";:?+/={}[]-_|\''\\''; for ($i = 0; $i ＜ strlen($search); $i++) { // ;? matches the ;, which is optional // 0{0,7} matches any padded zeros, which are optional and go up to 8 chars // @ @ search for the hex values $val = preg_replace(''/(&#[x|X]0{0,8}''.dechex(ord($search[$i])).'';?)/i'', $search[$i], $val); // with a ; // @ @ 0{0,7} matches ''0'' zero to seven times 中国站长_站,为中文网站提供动力 $val = preg_replace(''/(�{0,8}''.ord($search[$i]).'';?)/'', $search[$i], $val); // with a ; } // now the only remaining whitespace attacks are \t, \n, and \r $ra1 = Array(''javascript'', ''vbscript'', ''expression'', ''applet'', ''meta'', ''xml'', ''blink'', ''link'', ''style'', ''script'', ''embed'', ''object'', ''iframe'', ''frame'', ''frameset'', ''ilayer'', ''layer'', ''bgsound'', ''title'', ''base''); $ra2 = Array(''onabort'', ''onactivate'', ''onafterprint'', ''onafterupdate'', ''onbeforeactivate'', ''onbeforecopy'', ''onbeforecut'', ''onbeforedeactivate'', ''onbeforeeditfocus'', ''onbeforepaste'', ''onbeforeprint'', ''onbeforeunload'', ''onbeforeupdate'', ''onblur'', ''onbounce'', ''oncellchange'', ''onchange'', ''onclick'', ''oncontextmenu'', ''oncontrolselect'', ''oncopy'', ''oncut'', ''ondataavailable'', ''ondatasetchanged'', ''ondatasetcomplete'', ''ondblclick'', ''ondeactivate'', ''ondrag'', ''ondragend'', ''ondragenter'', ''ondragleave'', ''ondragover'', ''ondragstart'', ''ondrop'', ''onerror'', ''onerrorupdate'', ''onfilterchange'', ''onfinish'', ''onfocus'', ''onfocusin'', ''onfocusout'', ''onhelp'', ''onkeydown'', ''onkeypress'', ''onkeyup'', ''onlayoutcomplete'', ''onload'', ''onlosecapture'', ''onmousedown'', ''onmouseenter'', ''onmouseleave'', ''onmousemove'', ''onmouseout'', ''onmouseover'', ''onmouseup'', ''onmousewheel'', ''onmove'', ''onmoveend'', ''onmovestart'', ''onpaste'', ''onpropertychange'', ''onreadystatechange'', ''onreset'', ''onresize'', ''onresizeend'', ''onresizestart'', ''onrowenter'', ''onrowexit'', ''onrowsdelete'', ''onrowsinserted'', ''onscroll'', ''onselect'', ''onselectionchange'', ''onselectstart'', ''onstart'', ''onstop'', ''onsubmit'', ''onunload''); 中国站.长站 $ra = array_merge($ra1, $ra2); $found = true; // keep replacing as long as the previous round replaced something while ($found == true) { $val_before = $val; for ($i = 0; $i ＜ sizeof($ra); $i++) { $pattern = ''/''; for ($j = 0; $j ＜ strlen($ra[$i]); $j++) { if ($j ＞ 0) { $pattern .= ''(''; $pattern .= ''(&#[x|X]0{0,8}([9][a][b]);?)?''; $pattern .= ''|(�{0,8}([9][10][13]);?)?''; $pattern .= '')?''; } $pattern .= $ra[$i][$j]; } $pattern .= ''/i''; $replacement = substr($ra[$i], 0, 2).''＜x＞''.substr($ra[$i], 2); // add in ＜＞ to nerf the tag $val = preg_replace($pattern, $replacement, $val); // filter out the hex tags Chinaz^com if ($val_before == $val) { // no replacements were made, so exit the loop $found = false; } } } } |